Kombucha: A Systematic Review of the Clinical Evidence

Authors:
Edzard Ernst, MD,PhD,FRCP

Abstract:
Aim: Kombucha has become a popular complementary remedy. The aim of this systematic review was to critically evaluate the evidence related to its efficacy and safety. Methods: Computerised literature searches were carried out to locate all human medical investigations of kombucha regardless of study design. Data were extracted and validated by the present author and are reported in narrative form. Results: No clinical studies were found relating to the efficacy of this remedy. Several case reports and case series raise doubts about the safety of kombucha. They include suspected liver damage, metabolic acidosis, and cutaneous anthrax infections. One fatality is on record. Conclusions: On the basis of these data, it was concluded that the largely undetermined benefits do not outweigh the documented risks of kombucha. It can, therefore, not be recommended for therapeutic use.

Keywords: liver, review



Country: UK

Citation: Forsch Komplementarmed Klass Naturheilkd ;10:85-87

Study Mailing Address:
Complementary Medicine, Peninsula Medical School, Universities of Exeter and Plymouth, UK 25 Victoria Park Road, Exeter EX2 4NT UK
Tel./Fax +44 1392 424989

Date Updated: January 20, 2021